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Anais do Seminário de Aciaria, Fundição e Metalurgia de Não-ferrosos

ISSN 2594-5300

38º Seminário de Aciaria - Internacional — vol. 38, num.38 (2007)

Título

ESCÓRIA ESPUMANTE EM FEA’S PARA A PRODUÇÃO DE INOX – NOVA TECNOLOGIA

EAF STAINLESS STEEL FOAMING SLAG 1 NEW TECHNIQUE, HIGH EFFICIENT TECHNOLOGY

Autoria

Reichel, Jan; Kempken, Jens; Damazio, Max Antonio; Carvalho, Rogerio Geraldo; Loss, Helio Braz; Pinto, Edilberto Magos; Dutra, Janeir Ribeiro; Karbowniczek, Miroslaw; Rose, Lutz

Reichel, Jan
Reichel, Jan

Eu sou esse autor

Kempken, Jens
Kempken, Jens

Eu sou esse autor

Damazio, Max Antonio
Damazio, Max Antonio

Eu sou esse autor

Carvalho, Rogerio Geraldo
Carvalho, Rogerio Geraldo

Eu sou esse autor

Loss, Helio Braz
Loss, Helio Braz

Eu sou esse autor

Pinto, Edilberto Magos
Pinto, Edilberto Magos

Eu sou esse autor

Dutra, Janeir Ribeiro
Dutra, Janeir Ribeiro

Eu sou esse autor

Karbowniczek, Miroslaw
Karbowniczek, Miroslaw

Eu sou esse autor

Rose, Lutz
Rose, Lutz

Eu sou esse autor

DOI

10.5151/2594-5300-2004-15398-0008

Downloads

269 Downloads

Resumo

FEA’s economia operacional depende da eficiência da introdução da energia no banho metálico. A prática de escória espumante para aços carbono já tem a sua aplicação diária porém ainda não se obteve isto para aços inoxidáveis. A redução do custo de produção é obtido através da melhoria da eficiência térmica e das condições de operação através da estabilização das atividades do arco. Conseqüentemente o consumo de material refratário e de eletrodos bem como o nível de ruído é reduzido em muito. Os mesmos efeitos podem ser obtidos agora na produção de aços inoxidáveis com a nova tecnologia patenteada da SMS Demag AG/ Alem., desenvolvida em conjunto com a Universidade AGH de Cracau/ Pol. e testada pela ACESITA S.A. /Brasil. Esta tecnologia destaca-se em comparação com todas as tecnologias já conhecidas e tentadas que se baseiam em procedimentos de injeção. Briquetes especiais estão sendo utilizados como agente reativo junto à interface escória/ banho metálico formando monóxido de carbono necessário para o efeito de formação de escória espumante. Escória espumante cobrindo o arco elétrico por completo permite o uso dos taps mais altos do transformador resultando em arcos mais longos ou elevados gradientes de temperatura, respectivamente.

 

Electric arc furnace technology’s economy is strongly dependent on efficiency of electrical energy introduction into the melt. Slag foaming practice for carbon steel grades is normal daily application but for stainless steels not yet. Arc activity stabilization improves thermal efficiency and operation conditions and lowers Production cost. Consequently, refractory and electrode consumption as well as noise level is significant decreased. The patented SMS Demag AG technology developed with AGH-University in Cracow /Pl and tested by Acesita S.A./ Brazil assures all these effects also for stainless steel production. This technology distinguishes in comparison with all known applied and trialled technologies working with injection procedures. Special briquettes are used as reacting agent on the slag and metal phase boundary forming the carbon monoxide necessary for foaming effect. High foaming level covering complete the electric arc allows highest transformer taps resulting in longer electric arcs/ high temperature gradient.

Palavras-chave

Produção de aço inox em FEA; Escória espumante; Briquetes; Controle de escória espumante

EAF-stainless steel; Foamy slag; Briquettes; Foaming control.

Como citar

Reichel, Jan; Kempken, Jens; Damazio, Max Antonio; Carvalho, Rogerio Geraldo; Loss, Helio Braz; Pinto, Edilberto Magos; Dutra, Janeir Ribeiro; Karbowniczek, Miroslaw; Rose, Lutz. ESCÓRIA ESPUMANTE EM FEA’S PARA A PRODUÇÃO DE INOX – NOVA TECNOLOGIA , p. 71-80. In: 38º Seminário de Aciaria - Internacional, Belo Horizonte, 2007.
ISSN: 2594-5300 , DOI 10.5151/2594-5300-2004-15398-0008

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fwrite(): write of 1826 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device
in StreamHandler.php line 131
at HandleExceptions->handleError(8, 'fwrite(): write of 1826 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device', '/var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/monolog/monolog/src/Monolog/Handler/StreamHandler.php', 131, array('stream' => resource, 'record' => array('message' => 'file_put_contents(): write of 324 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device', 'context' => array('exception' => object(ErrorException)), 'level' => 400, 'level_name' => 'ERROR', 'channel' => 'production', 'datetime' => object(DateTime), 'extra' => array(), 'formatted' => '[2025-06-02 18:12:18] production.ERROR: file_put_contents(): write of 324 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device {"exception":"[object] (ErrorException(code: 0): file_put_contents(): write of 324 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device at /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:122)[stacktrace]#0 [internal function]: Illuminate\\\\Foundation\\\\Bootstrap\\\\HandleExceptions->handleError(8, \'file_put_conten...\', \'/var/www/webroo...\', 122, Array)#1 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php(122): file_put_contents(\'/var/www/webroo...\', \'a:5:{s:6:\\"_toke...\', 2)#2 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Session/FileSessionHandler.php(83): Illuminate\\\\Filesystem\\\\Filesystem->put(\'/var/www/webroo...\', \'a:5:{s:6:\\"_toke...\', true)#3 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Session/Store.php(128): Illuminate\\\\Session\\\\FileSessionHandler->write(\'IuSVnzGO5txa3hV...\', \'a:5:{s:6:\\"_toke...\')#4 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Session/Middleware/StartSession.php(87): Illuminate\\\\Session\\\\Store->save()#5 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Kernel.php(218): Illuminate\\\\Session\\\\Middleware\\\\StartSession->terminate(Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Response))#6 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Kernel.php(189): Illuminate\\\\Foundation\\\\Http\\\\Kernel->terminateMiddleware(Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Response))#7 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/public/index.php(59): Illuminate\\\\Foundation\\\\Http\\\\Kernel->terminate(Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Response))#8 {main}"} ')))
at fwrite(resource, '[2025-06-02 18:12:18] production.ERROR: file_put_contents(): write of 324 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device {"exception":"[object] (ErrorException(code: 0): file_put_contents(): write of 324 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device at /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:122)[stacktrace]#0 [internal function]: Illuminate\\\\Foundation\\\\Bootstrap\\\\HandleExceptions->handleError(8, \'file_put_conten...\', \'/var/www/webroo...\', 122, Array)#1 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php(122): file_put_contents(\'/var/www/webroo...\', \'a:5:{s:6:\\"_toke...\', 2)#2 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Session/FileSessionHandler.php(83): Illuminate\\\\Filesystem\\\\Filesystem->put(\'/var/www/webroo...\', \'a:5:{s:6:\\"_toke...\', true)#3 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Session/Store.php(128): Illuminate\\\\Session\\\\FileSessionHandler->write(\'IuSVnzGO5txa3hV...\', \'a:5:{s:6:\\"_toke...\')#4 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Session/Middleware/StartSession.php(87): Illuminate\\\\Session\\\\Store->save()#5 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Kernel.php(218): Illuminate\\\\Session\\\\Middleware\\\\StartSession->terminate(Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Response))#6 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Kernel.php(189): Illuminate\\\\Foundation\\\\Http\\\\Kernel->terminateMiddleware(Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Response))#7 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/public/index.php(59): Illuminate\\\\Foundation\\\\Http\\\\Kernel->terminate(Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Response))#8 {main}"} ')in StreamHandler.php line 131
at StreamHandler->streamWrite(resource, array('message' => 'file_put_contents(): write of 324 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device', 'context' => array('exception' => object(ErrorException)), 'level' => 400, 'level_name' => 'ERROR', 'channel' => 'production', 'datetime' => object(DateTime), 'extra' => array(), 'formatted' => '[2025-06-02 18:12:18] production.ERROR: file_put_contents(): write of 324 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device {"exception":"[object] (ErrorException(code: 0): file_put_contents(): write of 324 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device at /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:122)[stacktrace]#0 [internal function]: Illuminate\\\\Foundation\\\\Bootstrap\\\\HandleExceptions->handleError(8, \'file_put_conten...\', \'/var/www/webroo...\', 122, Array)#1 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php(122): file_put_contents(\'/var/www/webroo...\', \'a:5:{s:6:\\"_toke...\', 2)#2 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Session/FileSessionHandler.php(83): Illuminate\\\\Filesystem\\\\Filesystem->put(\'/var/www/webroo...\', \'a:5:{s:6:\\"_toke...\', true)#3 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Session/Store.php(128): Illuminate\\\\Session\\\\FileSessionHandler->write(\'IuSVnzGO5txa3hV...\', \'a:5:{s:6:\\"_toke...\')#4 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Session/Middleware/StartSession.php(87): Illuminate\\\\Session\\\\Store->save()#5 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Kernel.php(218): Illuminate\\\\Session\\\\Middleware\\\\StartSession->terminate(Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Response))#6 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Kernel.php(189): Illuminate\\\\Foundation\\\\Http\\\\Kernel->terminateMiddleware(Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Response))#7 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/public/index.php(59): Illuminate\\\\Foundation\\\\Http\\\\Kernel->terminate(Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Response))#8 {main}"} '))in StreamHandler.php line 117
at StreamHandler->write(array('message' => 'file_put_contents(): write of 324 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device', 'context' => array('exception' => object(ErrorException)), 'level' => 400, 'level_name' => 'ERROR', 'channel' => 'production', 'datetime' => object(DateTime), 'extra' => array(), 'formatted' => '[2025-06-02 18:12:18] production.ERROR: file_put_contents(): write of 324 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device {"exception":"[object] (ErrorException(code: 0): file_put_contents(): write of 324 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device at /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:122)[stacktrace]#0 [internal function]: Illuminate\\\\Foundation\\\\Bootstrap\\\\HandleExceptions->handleError(8, \'file_put_conten...\', \'/var/www/webroo...\', 122, Array)#1 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php(122): file_put_contents(\'/var/www/webroo...\', \'a:5:{s:6:\\"_toke...\', 2)#2 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Session/FileSessionHandler.php(83): Illuminate\\\\Filesystem\\\\Filesystem->put(\'/var/www/webroo...\', \'a:5:{s:6:\\"_toke...\', true)#3 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Session/Store.php(128): Illuminate\\\\Session\\\\FileSessionHandler->write(\'IuSVnzGO5txa3hV...\', \'a:5:{s:6:\\"_toke...\')#4 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Session/Middleware/StartSession.php(87): Illuminate\\\\Session\\\\Store->save()#5 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Kernel.php(218): Illuminate\\\\Session\\\\Middleware\\\\StartSession->terminate(Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Response))#6 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Kernel.php(189): Illuminate\\\\Foundation\\\\Http\\\\Kernel->terminateMiddleware(Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Response))#7 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/public/index.php(59): Illuminate\\\\Foundation\\\\Http\\\\Kernel->terminate(Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Response))#8 {main}"} '))in AbstractProcessingHandler.php line 39
at AbstractProcessingHandler->handle(array('message' => 'file_put_contents(): write of 324 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device', 'context' => array('exception' => object(ErrorException)), 'level' => 400, 'level_name' => 'ERROR', 'channel' => 'production', 'datetime' => object(DateTime), 'extra' => array(), 'formatted' => '[2025-06-02 18:12:18] production.ERROR: file_put_contents(): write of 324 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device {"exception":"[object] (ErrorException(code: 0): file_put_contents(): write of 324 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device at /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:122)[stacktrace]#0 [internal function]: Illuminate\\\\Foundation\\\\Bootstrap\\\\HandleExceptions->handleError(8, \'file_put_conten...\', \'/var/www/webroo...\', 122, Array)#1 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php(122): file_put_contents(\'/var/www/webroo...\', \'a:5:{s:6:\\"_toke...\', 2)#2 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Session/FileSessionHandler.php(83): Illuminate\\\\Filesystem\\\\Filesystem->put(\'/var/www/webroo...\', \'a:5:{s:6:\\"_toke...\', true)#3 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Session/Store.php(128): Illuminate\\\\Session\\\\FileSessionHandler->write(\'IuSVnzGO5txa3hV...\', \'a:5:{s:6:\\"_toke...\')#4 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Session/Middleware/StartSession.php(87): Illuminate\\\\Session\\\\Store->save()#5 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Kernel.php(218): Illuminate\\\\Session\\\\Middleware\\\\StartSession->terminate(Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Response))#6 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Kernel.php(189): Illuminate\\\\Foundation\\\\Http\\\\Kernel->terminateMiddleware(Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Response))#7 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/public/index.php(59): Illuminate\\\\Foundation\\\\Http\\\\Kernel->terminate(Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Response))#8 {main}"} '))in Logger.php line 344
at Logger->addRecord(400, 'file_put_contents(): write of 324 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device', array('exception' => object(ErrorException)))in Logger.php line 707
at Logger->error('file_put_contents(): write of 324 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device', array('exception' => object(ErrorException)))in Writer.php line 203
at Writer->writeLog('error', 'file_put_contents(): write of 324 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device', array('exception' => object(ErrorException)))in Writer.php line 114
at Writer->error('file_put_contents(): write of 324 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device', array('exception' => object(ErrorException)))in Handler.php line 113
at Handler->report(object(ErrorException))in Handler.php line 100
at Handler->report(object(ErrorException))in HandleExceptions.php line 81
at HandleExceptions->handleException(object(ErrorException))