Proceedings of the Ironmaking, Iron Ore and Agglomeration Seminars


ISSN 2594-357X

23º Seminário de Mineração vol. 23, num.23 (2024)


Title

CARACTERIZAÇÃO MINERALÓGICA, QUÍMICA E TECNOLÓGICA DO CONCENTRADO DE ESPODUMÊNIO

MINERALOGICAL, CHEMICAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF SPODUMENE CONCENTRATE

DOI

10.5151/2594-357X-40790

Downloads

6 Downloads

Abstract

O LíTIO é ESSENCIAL PARA A ECONOMIA DE BAIXO CARBONO, E TEM APLICAçãO INTENSIVA EM PRODUTOS DE ALTA TECNOLOGIA. OS MINéRIOS DE LíTIO TêM SIDO ALVO DE BUSCA E AS EXPORTAçõES BRASILEIRAS DE SEUS MINERAIS TêM CRESCIDO SIGNIFICATIVAMENTE. O USO CRESCENTE DESTE METAL NA PRODUçãO DE BATERIAS RECARREGáVEIS DE VEíCULOS ELéTRICOS E EQUIPAMENTOS ELETRôNICOS PESSOAIS TEM DESPERTADO UM INTERESSE MUNDIAL PELA EXTRAçãO DE MINéRIOS LITINíFEROS. O LíTIO é ENCONTRADO EM SALMOURAS E EM ROCHAS PEGMATíTICAS, SENDO EXTRAíDO NO BRASIL PRINCIPALMENTE DO MINéRIO DE ESPODUMêNIO. O PRESENTE TRABALHO REALIZOU UMA CARACTERIZAçãO TECNOLóGICA, E PARA ISTO, FORAM CONDUZIDOS ENSAIOS DE CLASSIFICAçãO, ANáLISES DE DIFRATOMETRIA DE RAIO X, FLUORESCêNCIA DE RAIO X, PERDA AO FOGO, MICROSCOPIA ELETRôNICA DE VARREDURA E ESPECTROMETRIA DE EMISSãO óTICA COM PLASMA INDUTIVAMENTE ACOPLADO. ALéM DISSO, FORAM REALIZADOS ENSAIOS DE TRATAMENTO TéRMICO PARA ANALISAR O COMPORTAMENTO DO ESPODUMêNIO EM DIFERENTES TEMPERATURAS, POIS ACIMA DE 1.000°C OCORRE TRANSFORMAçãO DE FASE. PARA A REMOçãO DOS MINERAIS ASSOCIADOS, FOI EMPREGADA A SEPARAçãO GRAVIMéTRICA EM MEIO DENSO, RESULTANDO NA ELIMINAçãO DE 11,7% DESSES MINERAIS E ALCANçANDO UMA CONCENTRAçãO DE 98,5% DE ESPODUMêNIO NA AMOSTRA. POSTERIORMENTE, APóS A ETAPA DE CONCENTRAçãO, O ESPODUMêNIO FOI SUBMETIDO à ANáLISE TERMOGRAVIMéTRICA, PERMITINDO IDENTIFICAR AS TEMPERATURAS DE PERDA DE MASSA DO MINERAL.

 

LITHIUM IS ESSENTIAL FOR THE LOW CARBON ECONOMY, AND HAS INTENSIVE APPLICATION IN HIGH-TECHNOLOGY PRODUCTS. LITHIUM ORES HAVE BEEN THE TARGET OF EXPLORATION, AND BRAZILIAN EXPORTS OF ITS MINERALS HAVE GROWN SIGNIFICANTLY. THE INCREASING USE OF THIS METAL IN THE PRODUCTION OF RECHARGEABLE BATTERIES FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLES AND PERSONAL ELECTRONICS HAS SPARKED WORLDWIDE INTEREST IN THE EXTRACTION OF LITHINIFEROUS ORES. LITHIUM IS FOUND IN BRINES AND PEGMATITE ROCKS, AND IS EXTRACTED IN BRAZIL MAINLY FROM SPODUMENE ORE. THE PRESENT WORK CARRIED OUT A TECHNOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION INCLUDING CLASSIFICATION TESTS, X-RAY DIFFRACTOMETRY, X-RAY FLUORESCENCE, LOSS ON IGNITION, SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY AND INDUCTIVELY PLASMA OPTICAL EMISSION SPECTROMETRY ANALYZES. FURTHERMORE, HEAT TREATMENT TESTS WERE CARRIED OUT TO ANALYZE THE BEHAVIOR OF SPODUMENE AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES, AS PHASE TRANSFORMATION OCCURS ABOVE 1.000°C. TO REMOVE THE ASSOCIATED MINERALS, GRAVIMETRIC SEPARATION IN A DENSE MEDIUM WAS USED, RESULTING IN THE ELIMINATION OF 11.7% OF THESE MINERALS AND REACHING A CONCENTRATION OF 98.5% OF SPODUMENE IN THE SAMPLE. SUBSEQUENTLY, AFTER THE CONCENTRATION STAGE, THE SPODUMENE WAS SUBJECTED TO THERMOGRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS, ALLOWING THE MINERAL'S MASS LOSS TEMPERATURES TO BE IDENTIFIED.

Keywords

Lítio; Espodumênio; Rochas Pegmatíticas; Concentração

Lithium; Spodumene; Pegmatite Rocks; Concentration

How to refer

BRIGIDO, CAROLINE RODRIGUES DOSA SANTOS; NEUMANN, REINER; BRAGA, PAULO FERNANDO ALMEIDA. CARACTERIZAÇÃO MINERALÓGICA, QUÍMICA E TECNOLÓGICA DO CONCENTRADO DE ESPODUMÊNIO , p. 315-325. In: 23º Seminário de Mineração, São Paulo, Brasil, 2024.
ISSN: 2594-357X , DOI 10.5151/2594-357X-40790

Whoops, looks like something went wrong.

(1/1) ErrorException

fwrite(): write of 1826 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device

in StreamHandler.php line 131
at HandleExceptions->handleError(8, 'fwrite(): write of 1826 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device', '/var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/monolog/monolog/src/Monolog/Handler/StreamHandler.php', 131, array('stream' => resource, 'record' => array('message' => 'file_put_contents(): write of 333 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device', 'context' => array('exception' => object(ErrorException)), 'level' => 400, 'level_name' => 'ERROR', 'channel' => 'production', 'datetime' => object(DateTime), 'extra' => array(), 'formatted' => '[2025-05-29 11:09:41] production.ERROR: file_put_contents(): write of 333 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device {"exception":"[object] (ErrorException(code: 0): file_put_contents(): write of 333 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device at /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:122)[stacktrace]#0 [internal function]: Illuminate\\\\Foundation\\\\Bootstrap\\\\HandleExceptions->handleError(8, \'file_put_conten...\', \'/var/www/webroo...\', 122, Array)#1 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php(122): file_put_contents(\'/var/www/webroo...\', \'a:5:{s:6:\\"_toke...\', 2)#2 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Session/FileSessionHandler.php(83): Illuminate\\\\Filesystem\\\\Filesystem->put(\'/var/www/webroo...\', \'a:5:{s:6:\\"_toke...\', true)#3 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Session/Store.php(128): Illuminate\\\\Session\\\\FileSessionHandler->write(\'CgDnT3WYuWnsVB3...\', \'a:5:{s:6:\\"_toke...\')#4 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Session/Middleware/StartSession.php(87): Illuminate\\\\Session\\\\Store->save()#5 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Kernel.php(218): Illuminate\\\\Session\\\\Middleware\\\\StartSession->terminate(Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Response))#6 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Kernel.php(189): Illuminate\\\\Foundation\\\\Http\\\\Kernel->terminateMiddleware(Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Response))#7 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/public/index.php(59): Illuminate\\\\Foundation\\\\Http\\\\Kernel->terminate(Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Response))#8 {main}"} ')))
at fwrite(resource, '[2025-05-29 11:09:41] production.ERROR: file_put_contents(): write of 333 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device {"exception":"[object] (ErrorException(code: 0): file_put_contents(): write of 333 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device at /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:122)[stacktrace]#0 [internal function]: Illuminate\\\\Foundation\\\\Bootstrap\\\\HandleExceptions->handleError(8, \'file_put_conten...\', \'/var/www/webroo...\', 122, Array)#1 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php(122): file_put_contents(\'/var/www/webroo...\', \'a:5:{s:6:\\"_toke...\', 2)#2 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Session/FileSessionHandler.php(83): Illuminate\\\\Filesystem\\\\Filesystem->put(\'/var/www/webroo...\', \'a:5:{s:6:\\"_toke...\', true)#3 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Session/Store.php(128): Illuminate\\\\Session\\\\FileSessionHandler->write(\'CgDnT3WYuWnsVB3...\', \'a:5:{s:6:\\"_toke...\')#4 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Session/Middleware/StartSession.php(87): Illuminate\\\\Session\\\\Store->save()#5 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Kernel.php(218): Illuminate\\\\Session\\\\Middleware\\\\StartSession->terminate(Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Response))#6 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Kernel.php(189): Illuminate\\\\Foundation\\\\Http\\\\Kernel->terminateMiddleware(Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Response))#7 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/public/index.php(59): Illuminate\\\\Foundation\\\\Http\\\\Kernel->terminate(Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Response))#8 {main}"} ')in StreamHandler.php line 131
at StreamHandler->streamWrite(resource, array('message' => 'file_put_contents(): write of 333 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device', 'context' => array('exception' => object(ErrorException)), 'level' => 400, 'level_name' => 'ERROR', 'channel' => 'production', 'datetime' => object(DateTime), 'extra' => array(), 'formatted' => '[2025-05-29 11:09:41] production.ERROR: file_put_contents(): write of 333 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device {"exception":"[object] (ErrorException(code: 0): file_put_contents(): write of 333 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device at /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:122)[stacktrace]#0 [internal function]: Illuminate\\\\Foundation\\\\Bootstrap\\\\HandleExceptions->handleError(8, \'file_put_conten...\', \'/var/www/webroo...\', 122, Array)#1 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php(122): file_put_contents(\'/var/www/webroo...\', \'a:5:{s:6:\\"_toke...\', 2)#2 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Session/FileSessionHandler.php(83): Illuminate\\\\Filesystem\\\\Filesystem->put(\'/var/www/webroo...\', \'a:5:{s:6:\\"_toke...\', true)#3 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Session/Store.php(128): Illuminate\\\\Session\\\\FileSessionHandler->write(\'CgDnT3WYuWnsVB3...\', \'a:5:{s:6:\\"_toke...\')#4 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Session/Middleware/StartSession.php(87): Illuminate\\\\Session\\\\Store->save()#5 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Kernel.php(218): Illuminate\\\\Session\\\\Middleware\\\\StartSession->terminate(Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Response))#6 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Kernel.php(189): Illuminate\\\\Foundation\\\\Http\\\\Kernel->terminateMiddleware(Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Response))#7 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/public/index.php(59): Illuminate\\\\Foundation\\\\Http\\\\Kernel->terminate(Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Response))#8 {main}"} '))in StreamHandler.php line 117
at StreamHandler->write(array('message' => 'file_put_contents(): write of 333 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device', 'context' => array('exception' => object(ErrorException)), 'level' => 400, 'level_name' => 'ERROR', 'channel' => 'production', 'datetime' => object(DateTime), 'extra' => array(), 'formatted' => '[2025-05-29 11:09:41] production.ERROR: file_put_contents(): write of 333 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device {"exception":"[object] (ErrorException(code: 0): file_put_contents(): write of 333 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device at /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:122)[stacktrace]#0 [internal function]: Illuminate\\\\Foundation\\\\Bootstrap\\\\HandleExceptions->handleError(8, \'file_put_conten...\', \'/var/www/webroo...\', 122, Array)#1 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php(122): file_put_contents(\'/var/www/webroo...\', \'a:5:{s:6:\\"_toke...\', 2)#2 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Session/FileSessionHandler.php(83): Illuminate\\\\Filesystem\\\\Filesystem->put(\'/var/www/webroo...\', \'a:5:{s:6:\\"_toke...\', true)#3 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Session/Store.php(128): Illuminate\\\\Session\\\\FileSessionHandler->write(\'CgDnT3WYuWnsVB3...\', \'a:5:{s:6:\\"_toke...\')#4 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Session/Middleware/StartSession.php(87): Illuminate\\\\Session\\\\Store->save()#5 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Kernel.php(218): Illuminate\\\\Session\\\\Middleware\\\\StartSession->terminate(Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Response))#6 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Kernel.php(189): Illuminate\\\\Foundation\\\\Http\\\\Kernel->terminateMiddleware(Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Response))#7 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/public/index.php(59): Illuminate\\\\Foundation\\\\Http\\\\Kernel->terminate(Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Response))#8 {main}"} '))in AbstractProcessingHandler.php line 39
at AbstractProcessingHandler->handle(array('message' => 'file_put_contents(): write of 333 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device', 'context' => array('exception' => object(ErrorException)), 'level' => 400, 'level_name' => 'ERROR', 'channel' => 'production', 'datetime' => object(DateTime), 'extra' => array(), 'formatted' => '[2025-05-29 11:09:41] production.ERROR: file_put_contents(): write of 333 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device {"exception":"[object] (ErrorException(code: 0): file_put_contents(): write of 333 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device at /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:122)[stacktrace]#0 [internal function]: Illuminate\\\\Foundation\\\\Bootstrap\\\\HandleExceptions->handleError(8, \'file_put_conten...\', \'/var/www/webroo...\', 122, Array)#1 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php(122): file_put_contents(\'/var/www/webroo...\', \'a:5:{s:6:\\"_toke...\', 2)#2 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Session/FileSessionHandler.php(83): Illuminate\\\\Filesystem\\\\Filesystem->put(\'/var/www/webroo...\', \'a:5:{s:6:\\"_toke...\', true)#3 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Session/Store.php(128): Illuminate\\\\Session\\\\FileSessionHandler->write(\'CgDnT3WYuWnsVB3...\', \'a:5:{s:6:\\"_toke...\')#4 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Session/Middleware/StartSession.php(87): Illuminate\\\\Session\\\\Store->save()#5 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Kernel.php(218): Illuminate\\\\Session\\\\Middleware\\\\StartSession->terminate(Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Response))#6 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Kernel.php(189): Illuminate\\\\Foundation\\\\Http\\\\Kernel->terminateMiddleware(Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Response))#7 /var/www/webroot/ROOT/public/index.php(59): Illuminate\\\\Foundation\\\\Http\\\\Kernel->terminate(Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\\\Http\\\\Response))#8 {main}"} '))in Logger.php line 344
at Logger->addRecord(400, 'file_put_contents(): write of 333 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device', array('exception' => object(ErrorException)))in Logger.php line 707
at Logger->error('file_put_contents(): write of 333 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device', array('exception' => object(ErrorException)))in Writer.php line 203
at Writer->writeLog('error', 'file_put_contents(): write of 333 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device', array('exception' => object(ErrorException)))in Writer.php line 114
at Writer->error('file_put_contents(): write of 333 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device', array('exception' => object(ErrorException)))in Handler.php line 113
at Handler->report(object(ErrorException))in Handler.php line 100
at Handler->report(object(ErrorException))in HandleExceptions.php line 81
at HandleExceptions->handleException(object(ErrorException))