Title

GRAIN REFINEMENT OF HADFIELD STEEL BY HAFNIUM (HF)

GRAIN REFINEMENT OF HADFIELD STEEL BY HAFNIUM (HF)

Authorship

Venturelli, Bianka Nani

Venturelli, Bianka Nani

I am this author

DOI

10.5151/2594-5300-34126

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Abstract

THE EFFECTS ON THE AS-CAST GRAIN MACROSTRUCTURE OF ADDITIONS OF HF OR OF BOTH AL AND HF TO MELTS OF A HADFIELD STEEL (12% MN, 1.2%C, AND 0.65% SI) IS STUDIED. THE MELTS WERE PREPARED IN AN INDUCTION FURNACE WITH A PROTECTIVE ARGON ATMOSPHERE. BEFORE AND AFTER HF/AL ADDITIONS, THEY WERE CAST IN SAND CUPS TO GIVE CYLINDRICAL INGOTS. THE GRAIN STRUCTURE OF THE TRANSVERSAL SECTION OF THE INGOTS WERE REVEALED AND THEIR MICROSTRUCTURE EXAMINED IN OPTICAL AND ELECTRON MICROSCOPES. THE AVERAGE GRAIN SIZE OF THE RESULTING INGOTS DECREASED FROM 2000 µM TO 340 µM AFTER A 0.15%HF ADDITION AND TO 280 M AFTER BOTH 0.1%AL AND 0.15%HF ADDITIONS. GRAIN REFINEMENT COINCIDED WITH THE PRECIPITATION OF PARTICLES THAT WERE ANALYZED BY ENERGY DISPERSIVE SPECTROSCOPY (EDS) MICROANALYSIS, SHOWING EVIDENCES OF BEING MADE OF HFC OR HFO2 AND AL2O3.

THE EFFECTS ON THE AS-CAST GRAIN MACROSTRUCTURE OF ADDITIONS OF HF OR OF BOTH AL AND HF TO MELTS OF A HADFIELD STEEL (12% MN, 1.2%C, AND 0.65% SI) IS STUDIED. THE MELTS WERE PREPARED IN AN INDUCTION FURNACE WITH A PROTECTIVE ARGON ATMOSPHERE. BEFORE AND AFTER HF/AL ADDITIONS, THEY WERE CAST IN SAND CUPS TO GIVE CYLINDRICAL INGOTS. THE GRAIN STRUCTURE OF THE TRANSVERSAL SECTION OF THE INGOTS WERE REVEALED AND THEIR MICROSTRUCTURE EXAMINED IN OPTICAL AND ELECTRON MICROSCOPES. THE AVERAGE GRAIN SIZE OF THE RESULTING INGOTS DECREASED FROM 2000 µM TO 340 µM AFTER A 0.15%HF ADDITION AND TO 280 M AFTER BOTH 0.1%AL AND 0.15%HF ADDITIONS. GRAIN REFINEMENT COINCIDED WITH THE PRECIPITATION OF PARTICLES THAT WERE ANALYZED BY ENERGY DISPERSIVE SPECTROSCOPY (EDS) MICROANALYSIS, SHOWING EVIDENCES OF BEING MADE OF HFC OR HFO2 AND AL2O3.

Keywords

Hadfield Steel, Grain refinement, hafnium inoculation

Hadfield Steel, Grain refinement, hafnium inoculation