Title

SOME ASPECTS OF MODELING ADDITIONS DURING STEEL TAPPING FROM THE CONVERTER USING AN EERZ MODEL

SOME ASPECTS OF MODELING ADDITIONS DURING STEEL TAPPING FROM THE CONVERTER USING AN EERZ MODEL

Authorship

SILVA, ERICA PEIXOTO DA; CARVALHO, RAFAELA PEREIRA BATISTA; SANTOS, RAFAELA PACHECO MALVÃO DOS; SALES, JULIA MENDES; SILVA, ANDRE LUIZ VASCONCELLOS DA COSTA E

SILVA, ERICA PEIXOTO DA

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CARVALHO, RAFAELA PEREIRA BATISTA

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SANTOS, RAFAELA PACHECO MALVÃO DOS

I am this author

SALES, JULIA MENDES

I am this author

SILVA, ANDRE LUIZ VASCONCELLOS DA COSTA E

I am this author

DOI

10.5151/2594-5300-41990

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Abstract

The energy dissipated during steel tapping from primary steelmaking processes has been used for a long time to promote the dissolution of additions to the steel and reactions between steel and slags or slag forming components. Both experience and fluid dynamic modeling indicate that the velocity of the metal jet entering the metal in the ladle is superior to most of the buoyance forces of light additions to the steel and, additions tend to be entrained in the liquid metal in the region of the jet impact on the bath present in the ladle. Subsequent floating is frequently associated with renewed entrainment. At least since the inception of the Perrin process, this possibility is considered and taken advantage of. However, most models used to describe steelmaking consider that additions enter a well-defined phase, and it is frequent to see this decision based on the chemical characteristics of the addition (oxide or metal) and physical properties (density and grain size) and not much consideration is given, apparently, to the possibility of emulsification. In the present work we review some of the key experimental results of the effects of additions and simulate different ways of considering the additions during tapping. The evaluation of the simulation results indicates that the use of chemical and physical characteristics alone, may not be a sound basis for the decision on how to simulate the additions when modeling the tapping process.

THE ENERGY DISSIPATED DURING STEEL TAPPING FROM PRIMARY STEELMAKING PROCESSES HAS BEEN USED FOR A LONG TIME TO PROMOTE THE DISSOLUTION OF ADDITIONS TO THE STEEL AND REACTIONS BETWEEN STEEL AND SLAGS OR SLAG FORMING COMPONENTS. BOTH EXPERIENCE AND FLUID DYNAMIC MODELING INDICATE THAT THE VELOCITY OF THE METAL JET ENTERING THE METAL IN THE LADLE IS SUPERIOR TO MOST OF THE BUOYANCE FORCES OF LIGHT ADDITIONS TO THE STEEL AND, ADDITIONS TEND TO BE ENTRAINED IN THE LIQUID METAL IN THE REGION OF THE JET IMPACT ON THE BATH PRESENT IN THE LADLE. SUBSEQUENT FLOATING IS FREQUENTLY ASSOCIATED WITH RENEWED ENTRAINMENT. AT LEAST SINCE THE INCEPTION OF THE PERRIN PROCESS, THIS POSSIBILITY IS CONSIDERED AND TAKEN ADVANTAGE OF. HOWEVER, MOST MODELS USED TO DESCRIBE STEELMAKING CONSIDER THAT ADDITIONS ENTER A WELL-DEFINED PHASE, AND IT IS FREQUENT TO SEE THIS DECISION BASED ON THE CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ADDITION (OXIDE OR METAL) AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES (DENSITY AND GRAIN SIZE) AND NOT MUCH CONSIDERATION IS GIVEN, APPARENTLY, TO THE POSSIBILITY OF EMULSIFICATION. IN THE PRESENT WORK WE REVIEW SOME OF THE KEY EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS OF THE EFFECTS OF ADDITIONS AND SIMULATE DIFFERENT WAYS OF CONSIDERING THE ADDITIONS DURING TAPPING. THE EVALUATION OF THE SIMULATION RESULTS INDICATES THAT THE USE OF CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS ALONE, MAY NOT BE A SOUND BASIS FOR THE DECISION ON HOW TO SIMULATE THE ADDITIONS WHEN MODELING THE TAPPING PROCESS.

Keywords

kinetic model, computational thermodynamics, mass transfer, emulsification

kinetic, model, computational, thermodynamics, mass, transfer, emulsification