Title

STUDY OF THE THERMOMECHANICAL BEHAVIOUR OF BASIC REFRACTORIES OF A BOF

STUDY OF THE THERMOMECHANICAL BEHAVIOUR OF BASIC REFRACTORIES OF A BOF

Authorship

KNUDSEN, J.

KNUDSEN, J.

I am this author

DOI

10.5151/2594-5300-22Aciaria-121-148

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Abstract

In order to achieve higher lining lifes the optimization efforts in oxygen blowing furnaces have to consider the total wear lining area. Beside the upper and lower cone, cylinder, upper cone and tap-hole the bottom is an essential area and an important part. Depending on the metallurgical process there are different requirements on the refractory materials, resulting very often in the bottom varying with time. Besides process variations there are also variations in lining and brick work design of converter bottom. One can distinguish between removable or fixed bottom. The brickwork design depends on the used bottom. Using a removable bottom the complete bottom is installed and the gap between the bottom and the vessel is rammed with a plastic mass. On closed bottom the brick of the side wall will be directly placed on the bottom bricks. It is known that top blowing converters or top blowing vessels with inert gas injection assume shape bottom lining lifes in both the bottom and the other lining areas. This is not true for bottom blowing or combined blowing vessels. It is likely come to bottom wear during the heat lining life, due to this the bottom is mostly designed with flat design lined with rectangular bricks. The tuyeres are made either by drilling or with special prefabricated tuyere bricks. Owing to the thickness of the bottom, the brick work is done with two brick shapes. This analysis concentrates on the behaviour of the bottom. It has been shown previously that using the finite element method a more thorough understanding of the thermomechanical behaviour of refractory structures can be reached.

In order to achieve higher lining lifes the optimization efforts in oxygen blowing furnaces have to consider the total wear lining area. Beside the upper and lower cone, cylinder, upper cone and tap-hole the bottom is an essential area and an important part. Depending on the metallurgical process there are different requirements on the refractory materials, resulting very often in the bottom varying with time. Besides process variations there are also variations in lining and brick work design of converter bottom. One can distinguish between removable or fixed bottom. The brickwork design depends on the used bottom. Using a removable bottom the complete bottom is installed and the gap between the bottom and the vessel is rammed with a plastic mass. On closed bottom the brick of the side wall will be directly placed on the bottom bricks. It is known that top blowing converters or top blowing vessels with inert gas injection assume shape bottom lining lifes in both the bottom and the other lining areas. This is not true for bottom blowing or combined blowing vessels. It is likely come to bottom wear during the heat lining life, due to this the bottom is mostly designed with flat design lined with rectangular bricks. The tuyeres are made either by drilling or with special prefabricated tuyere bricks. Owing to the thickness of the bottom, the brick work is done with two brick shapes. This analysis concentrates on the behaviour of the bottom. It has been shown previously that using the finite element method a more thorough understanding of the thermomechanical behaviour of refractory structures can be reached.